以下是关于完善数字经济发展路径的相关内容：
在过去的十年中，数字技术已经改变了经济和社会，影响了所有活动领域和日常生活。数据处于这种转变的中心，数据驱动的创新将为联盟公民和经济带来巨大利益，例如改善和个性化医疗、提供新的移动性，并有助于 2019 年 12 月 11 日委员会关于欧洲绿色协议的沟通。为了使数据驱动的经济对所有联盟公民具有包容性，必须特别关注减少数字鸿沟，促进妇女参与数据经济，并培养技术领域的前沿欧洲专业知识。数据经济的构建方式应使企业，特别是委员会建议 2003/361/EC 中定义的微型、小型和中型企业（SMEs）以及初创企业能够蓬勃发展，确保数据访问的中立性、数据的可移植性和互操作性，并避免锁定效应。在 2020 年 2 月 19 日关于欧洲数据战略（“欧洲数据战略”）的沟通中，委员会描述了一个共同的欧洲数据空间的愿景，即一个内部数据市场，在符合适用法律的情况下，数据可以不受其在联盟中的物理存储位置的影响而被使用，这尤其可能对人工智能技术的快速发展至关重要。
数据是数字经济的核心组成部分，也是确保绿色和数字转型的重要资源。近年来，人类和机器生成的数据量呈指数级增长。然而，大多数数据未被使用，或者其价值集中在相对较少的大型公司手中。低信任度、相互冲突的经济激励和技术障碍阻碍了数据驱动创新潜力的充分实现。因此，通过为数据的再利用提供机会，并消除符合欧洲规则和充分尊重欧洲价值观的欧洲数据经济发展的障碍，以及按照减少数字鸿沟的使命，使每个人都受益，从而释放这种潜力至关重要。
这些发展需要在联盟中建立一个强大且更一致的数据保护框架，并得到强有力的执行，鉴于建立信任对于数字经济在整个内部市场发展的重要性。自然人应该对自己的个人数据有控制权。应加强自然人、经济运营商和公共当局的法律和实际确定性。
[heading1](Text with EEA relevance)[heading2](2) Over the last decade, digital technologies have transformed the economy and society, affecting all sectors of activity[content]and daily life.Data is at the centre of that transformation:data-driven innovation will bring enormous benefits toboth Union citizens and the economy,for example by improving and personalising medicine,providing newmobility,and contributing to the communication of the Commission of 11 December 2019 on the European GreenDeal.In order to make the data-driven economy inclusive for all Union citizens,particular attention must be paid toreducing the digital divide,boosting the participation of women in the data economy and fostering cutting-edgeEuropean expertise in the technology sector.The data economy has to be built in a way that enables undertakings,in particular micro,small and medium-sized enterprises(SMEs),as defined in the Annex to CommissionRecommendation 2003/361/EC(3),and start-ups to thrive,ensuring data access neutrality and data portability andinteroperability,and avoiding lock-in effects.In its communication of 19 February 2020 on a European strategy fordata(the ‘European strategy for data’),the Commission described the vision of a common European data space,meaning an internal market for data in which data could be used irrespective of its physical storage location in theUnion in compliance with applicable law,which,inter alia,could be pivotal for the rapid development of artificialintelligence technologies.(1)OJ C 286,16.7.2021,p.38.
[heading1](Text with EEA relevance)[content]{SEC(2022)81 final}-{SWD(2022)34 final}-{SWD(2022)35 final}ENENEXPLANATORY MEMORANDUMCONTEXTOFTHE PROPOSAL•Reasons for and objectives of the proposalThis explanatory memorandum accompanies the proposal for a Regulation on harmonisedrules on fair access to and use of data(Data Act).Data is a core component of the digital economy,and an essential resource to secure the greenand digital transitions.The volume of data generated by humans and machines has beenincreasing exponentially in recent years.Most data are unused however,or its value isconcentrated in the hands of relatively few large companies.Low trust,conflicting economicincentives and technological obstacles impede the full realisation of the potential of data-driven innovation.It is therefore crucial to unlock such potential by providing opportunitiesfor the reuse of data,as well as by removing barriers to the development of the European dataeconomy in compliance with European rules and fully respecting European values,and in linewith the mission to reduce the digital divide so that everyone benefits from these
[heading1](Text with EEA relevance)[heading2](7) Those developments require a strong and more coherent data protection framework in the Union, backed by[content]strong enforcement,given the importance of creating the trust that will allow the digital economy to developacross the internal market.Natural persons should have control of their own personal data.Legal and practicalcertainty for natural persons,economic operators and public authorities should be enhanced.