AI能做到什么

1.1.Artificial intelligence(AI)is already delivering wide societal benefits,from medical advances1 to mitigating climate change.2 For example,an AI technology developed by DeepMind,a UKbased business,can now predict the structure of almost every protein known to science.3 This breakthrough will accelerate scientific research and the development of life-saving medicines–it has already helped scientists to make huge progress in combating malaria,antibiotic resistance,and plastic waste.2.2.The UK Science and Technology Framework4 sets out government’s strategic vision and identifies AI as one of five critical technologies.The framework notes the role of regulation in creating the environment for AI to flourish.We know that we have yet to see AI technologies reach their full potential.Under the right conditions,AI will transform all areas of life5 and stimulate the UK economy by unleashing innovation and driving productivity,6 creating new jobs and improving the workplace.3.3.Across the world,countries and regions are beginning to draft the rules for AI.The UK needs to act quickly to continue to lead the international conversation on AI governance and demonstrate the value of our pragmatic,proportionate regulatory approach.The need to act was highlighted by Sir Patrick Vallance in his recent Regulation for Innovation review.The report identifies the short time frame for government intervention to provide a clear,pro-innovation regulatory environment in order to make the UK one of the top places in the world to build foundational AI companies.74.4.While we should capitalise on the benefits of these technologies,we should also not overlook the new risks that may arise from their use,nor the unease that the complexity of AI technologies can produce in the wider public.We already know that some uses of AI could1The use of AI in healthcare and medicine is booming,Insider Intelligence,2023.2 How to fight climate change using AI,Forbes,2022;Tackling Climate Change with Machine Learning,Rolnick et al.,2019.

AI can enable scientific discovery.A computer vision model was used to piece together the first ever image of a black hole 55 million light years away,combining images from eight telescopes around the world.29AI solves decades old protein-folding puzzleAn AI company based in the UK trained neural networks to predict the structures of proteins,solving a problem that had long stumped scientists.The predictions are advancing the field of structural biology:scientists have already used them to prevent antibiotic resistance,30 advance disease research,31 and accelerate the fight against plastic pollution.32 As we find more uses for AI,it will rewrite scientific fields and change the way we learn about our world.Deep learning AI could improve breast cancer screeningAI could transform how diseases are detected,prevented,and treated.Doctors are testing if deep learning can be applied to breast cancer screening.Currently,every mammogram is double-checked by radiologists but this is labour-intensive and causes diagnosis delays.A UK medical technology company is working with the28See,for example,What are Large Language Models used for?NVIDIA,2023.29 Black hole pictured for first time–in spectacular detail,Nature,2019.30 Accelerating the race against antibiotic resistance,Deepmind,2022.31 Stopping malaria in its tracks,Deepmind,2022.32 Creating plastic-eating enzymes that could save us from pollution,Deepmind,2022.9A pro-innovation approach to AI regulationNHS to test AI for the second screening,meaning greater numbers of patients could be screened faster and clinicians could spend more time with patients and provide faster access to treatment.33Farming efficiency increased by AI robots

让我们具体来看下目前的AI具有哪些能力。AI的首要能力是根据问题和要求生成文本，之前视频中展示的聊天机器人便是基于文本生成技术，同时融入了语音与文字的转换功能。这一能力的应用范围极为广泛，涵盖了写文章、对话聊天、编程写代码、翻译、阅读理解、推理等等诸多领域，这些任务AI现在很多都能解决得不错。在之前的ChatGPT视频中你可能也发现了，AI除了能理解文字，AI也能看懂图像和视频。比如在上图的例子中，AI可以理解画面的内容，并清晰的描述出眼镜所在位置。除了真实世界的图像，对网页截图和文字数据的图片进行分析更是不在话下。甚至，它可以看懂抽象的表达，并且进行推理和作答。你一定联想到了之后的教育会迎来多大的变革。在上图左边的例子中，AI还能看懂专业的图像，例如医学。当然，这可能需要涉及专门的训练和处理。右边的例子则是说明了AI甚至能够理解人类的”笑点“，如果你认为幽默是一种智慧的体现，那么AI现在已经可以做到了，至少像是。除了看懂图像之外，AI也能产生图像。上面的四幅图都是AI生成的，图片下面是对应的指令，其实都是对图片内容和格式的要求。最左边是一幅写实的图像，很像照片了，第二幅是油画风格，第三幅是一个在现实中不可能出现的却又非常写实的图像，最后是写意的中国水墨画风格，AI也可以掌握。图像生成的应用非常的广泛，比如说AI可以帮助我们做设计，包括商品设计、商标设计、UI界面设计、家装设计等等，都可以AI生成。目前在电商平台上你看到的商品图片，特别是衣服的效果图，其实已经有非常多是AI生成了。AI模特不需要像人一样那么辛苦换衣服和摆Pose。